1. Elements that are in the same group have more similarities in their properties than those in the same period. For example, Potassium and Lithium both reacted with air and produced gas in water.
2. Elements are very similar in the same group because they have the same number of valence electrons, and all want to lose/gain the same number of electrons.
3. When a sodium atom reacts with a non metal, sodium loses one electron and gets a charge of +1. This now makes it a positive ion. The electron configuration of sodium after reacting is the same as the noble gas neon. Sodium becomes more stable after reacting because it doesn't want to lose or gain anymore electrons, and has a full valence electron shell.
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